Ohio Attorney General Seeks to Halt Sale of Rare Jewish Book Collection

Cincinnati, Ohio is home to a robust Reform Jewish community. In the heart of downtown sits a cathedral-like synagogue built in 1866 known as Plum Street Temple. Located a few blocks away is Hebrew Union College — Jewish Institute of Religion, or HUC-JIR for short. The Reform seminary in many ways feels like a small college campus, featuring classrooms, a small Judaica Museum, and even a vegetable garden. At the center of the campus sits the Klau Library — a four-story structure dedicated to all things Jewish.

The rare-books collection in the basement of the Klau Library is now at the heart of a legal battle between HUC-JIR and Ohio Attorney General Dave Yost, a Republican who has served in his current role since 2019.

Yost has alleged that HUC-JIR recently began the process of auctioning the collection through the auction house Sotheby’s to address what he described as the seminary’s “budgetary deficit.” On Tuesday, he sought a temporary restraining order against HUC-JIR in a court filing made in Hamilton County Common Pleas Court, hoping to prevent the sale of valuable religious texts.

In his court filing, Yost alleged that the library was “violating Ohio law and breaching the charitable trust applicable to the Cincinnati Library” by “dismantling” its collection. Yost argued that HUC-JIR has violated its charitable fiduciary responsibility to its donors. A hearing on the attorney general’s is scheduled for July 12.

HUC-JIR’s financial troubles in Ohio are not new. In 2022, HUC-JIR’s board of governors voted to close their Cincinnati campus in 2026 after facing declining enrollment and an $8.8 million deficit. HUC-JIR still has campuses in New York, Los Angeles, and Jerusalem.

The Klau Library is home to a wide range of Jewish texts including pre-Holocaust sets of the Talmud; Israeli artifacts including phone books, novels, and directories; Yiddish manuscripts; and collections of Jewish thought. It is widely considered the greatest collection of Jewish texts in Cincinnati and the surrounding area.

In total, the library holds over 530,000 books and 2,500 manuscripts. The rare-books collection alone is home to over 14,000 items.

Yost claimed in a written statement that HUC-JIR’s sale of “priceless” religious texts “would not only betray donor trust but may also violate legal restrictions placed on gifts.”

In response, HUC-JIR said that it currently has no intention of selling its rare book collection and remains committed to the “responsible collection of the Klau Library.”

However, the seminary did not rule out the possibility of selling items from the library in the future in order to stay afloat financially.

“While we have no current plans to sell any part of our collection, it would be irresponsible to foreclose such actions should they be deemed necessary to preserve and maintain the collection and access to it,” HUC-JIR assistant vice president Patricia Keim said in a statement. “In any case, any such decision would be carefully reviewed and require approval by the Board of Governors.”

Nonetheless, the seminary in Cincinnati has taken steps that indicate an interest in auctioning some of the collection, according to Yost’s court filing. The document states, for example, that the chief librarian resigned this year “after allegedly being pressured by the administration to sell rare books for Klau [Library],” and that in March, a Sotheby’s consultant visited the library to appraise its rare-book collection for a potential sale.

One item of significance in the library’s rare-books collection is the Bomberg Talmud. Venetian publisher Daniel Bomberg printed the first complete edition of the Babylonian Talmud in 1520, and a 1523 edition of the Bomberg Talmud can be found in the Klau Library.

In 2015, a complete set of the Bomberg Talmud auctioned by Sotheby’s was sold for $9.3 million.

HUC-JIR’s legal battle comes amid certain issues facing the future of the Reform Jewish community. A 2021 study from Yale University found that the Reform movement in America faces demographic challenges. The study projected that, by 2063, the total number of people in the Reform and Conservative denominations aged 30-69 will decline by 46 percent.

Jacob Frankel is working as an intern for The Algemeiner before heading to law school.